PAVEMENT MANAGEMENT POLICYj
Oty of Otsego
Draft: February 11, 2014
Adopted:
Index
Pavement Management Policy 11 Pa g e
The Pavement Management Policy (Policy) isa plan for street maintenance. The City will maintain City
streets in a manner that extends their useful life as long as possible before reconstruction by allocating
financial resources for maintenance in atimely and effective manner. Proper monitoring that leads to
maintenance techniques and strategies applied at the optimum time prolong pavement life thereby
reducing costs for property owners.
Objectives
The objectives of the Policy are:
1. Extended Lifecycle of Streets- Without proper maintenance, pavement deteriorates at a high
rate; with timely maintenance, the life of local roads can be extended as is shown below:
S)urce: American Public Works Association
2. Create Efficiency -Through consistent evaluation and maintenance of streets, they will be
maintained at the proper timeswith the correct technique creating efficiency of contracting,
engineering, and staff allocation.
3. Financial Stability- The ability to schedule an effective street maintenance strategy will allow
the City to forecast and prepare for future funding requirements. This lead time will allow the
City to apply for grants and other funding sources.
Pavement Management Policy 21 Pa g e
The Citywill use the following criteria, methods, and systems when evaluating and maintaining City
streets. Unique circumstances may require deviation from the policy upon approval of the City Council.
Street Rating System
The City will use the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) to rate the condition of all City streets. Streets will
be evaluated every three years with one third being rated each year. The computerized database
computes the rating based on a 0 to 100 weighted scale based on eleven rating factors. The PCI number
will be used as a guideline for suggested maintenance.
Streets that have a PG of between 60 and 70 will not benefit from ongoing maintenance techniques and
will only receive patching also known as Preservation Maintenance. The City Engineer may use
discretion in placing a street under Preservation Maintenance; the PG rating isthe main, but not the
sole factor in determining the proper maintenance timing and technique.
Collection of Maintenance Project Data
All maintenance data such as date of maintenance and type along with project costs for each street
section shall be maintained by the Public Works Department in an accessible electronic data base.
Annually, a review of the costs of maintenance and scheduling of maintenance shall be conducted.
Pavement Maintenance Techniques
Various maintenance techniques are utilized to maintain streets. The techniques applied to astreet vary
depending upon the age, condition, remaining useful life, and other factors.
The proactive maintenance techniques include the following:
• Crack filling— includes routing the cracks open (3/4") and placing a flexible bituminous material
within the routed opening
• Crack filling with Fog Seal - crackfillingfollowed byathin layer of bituminous material over the
entire street to slow the loss of the fines, seal any minute cracks and provide a barrier to the
sun's harmful rays
• Crack filling with Chip Seal (Seal Coat) and Fog Seal - crack filling followed by a thicker layer of
bituminous material over the entire street, then embedding a layer of small aggregate rock
within the bituminous material then applying a fog seal to lock in the small aggregate rock. This
increases the friction of the street for safer vehicular trafficwhile sealing the street preventing
loss of aggregate, intrusion of water while providing a barrier against the sun's harmful rays.
Pavement Management Policy 31 Pa g e
When a street's PG falls to a level of between 70 to 60, it will move from proactive maintenance and
begin the preventative maintenance period of the asphalts life cycle.
• Preventative Maintenance (Patching) - includes
o &in patching -for minor surface deficiencies up to 1" in depth
o Full depth patching- for potholes and areas or severe cracking
o Infrared patching- for repair near utility lids
o Coldpatching-fortemporaryrepairsduringwinterseason
Streetsthat have reached the end of their useful life and will no longer benefit from the above
maintenance techniques because the cost exceedsthe return in extended life span will be considered in
Preventative Maintenance and only patched until such time an improvement project iswarranted.
Types of improvement projects are:
• Overlay - a 11/2" thick layer of asphalt over the entire street to provide additional strength to
the street - placed on streetswithout concrete curbing
• Mill and Overlay — prior to the overlay the surface of the street is removed 1 %" down so the
overlay matchesthe curb lip and utility lid elevations- performed on streetswith concrete
curbing and municipal services
• Micro surfacing — two thin layers of 3/8" thick slurry type asphalt that are self -leveling and
provide some additional strength to the pavement surface while removing deficiencies such as
rutting and spalIing.
• Reclamation - full depth grinding of the existing pavement then re -compacting in place,
sometimeswith the addition of bituminous for a recycled in place asphalt mat, then generally
overlaid withl %" of new asphalt - prevents reflective cracking form occurring while providing a
rejuvenated base with a new surface
• Reconstruction - removal of all asphalt and curb, then adding to the base before new asphalt is
applied in two layers generally 3 %" thick
Pavement maintenance will be completed as listed below. The following maintenance schedule will be
applied to all new pavements. Staff may recommend changesto the maintenance schedule to the city
Council based on the condition of the street and related factors.
Pavement Management Policy 4 l Page
Table 1: Pavement Maintenance Schedule
Treatment
Year
Crack Flling
2
Crack Flling/ Fog Seal
4
Crack Flling
6
Crack F I I i ng/ Chi p Seal (Seal Coat i ng)/ Fig Seal
8
Crack Flling
10
Crack F l l i ng/ Fog Seal
12
Crack Flling
14
Crack Flling/ Chi p Seal (Seal Coating)/Fog Seal
16
Crack Flling
18
Fig Seal
20
Preventive Maintenance (Patching)
21-24
Overlay (Renewal Project)
25
Crack Flling
27
Crack F I I i ng/ Chi p Seal (Seal Coat i ng)/ Fig Seal
31
Crack Flling
33
Fig Seal
35
Preventive Maintenance (Patching)
36-39
Reconstruction (F;bnewal Project)
40
Street Classifications
The City has three main street classifications. The street classification dictates the design standard.
Major Collector - connect or terminate at other major collectors or at County Highways and are
generally spaced Y2mile to 1 mile apart to create a grid system - primarily the City's designated
Municipal State Aid street
Minor Collector - connect major collectors more directly than local streets
Local -provide localized access to homes and business
Street Design,9tandards
All new City streets are constructed to the City's requirements based on the street classification and
type of street. All streets needing reconstruction will be reconstructed to the current City standards for
that street's classification and type per the City's engineering design standards found in the Engineering
Manual.
Pavement Management Policy 51 Pa g e
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) countswill determine the street classification and, thus, the design
standards.
Paved streetswith an ADTof lessthan 200 needing rehabilitation may be reverted to gravel. The City
will make the determination based on ADT, city needs, and future development. Residents may petition
to have the street repaved by waiving their rights to appeal an assessment and by agreeing to pay the
full reconstruction cost including overhead.
Asphalt curbed streetswill be reconstructed with surmountable curb.
All street reconstruction will comply with current Americanswith Disabilities Act (ADA) standards.
Street width will be asfollows:
Existing Width
Less than 28'
28'
33' or greater
Reconstructed Width
Infrastructure Paplacement and Installation
per approved feasibility report
28'
33 unless commercial or industrial
All infrastructure will be reviewed at the time of street reconstruction. Infrastructure includes:
• Water
• Waste Water
• Storm Water
• 9dewalksand Trails
• Lighting
• Culverts
In areaswhere municipal services do not currently exist, the city will review the feasibility of extending
municipal water and wastewater services, adding storm water management systems, and adding
sidewalks or trails in accordance with the City's ordinance requirements. city will only provide a
feasibility report if a majority of the residents inquire about the extension of services to their property.
If private water and wastewater systems are failing and are considered a health or environmental
hazard, municipal services will be extended unless doing so is not financially feasible as determined by
the city.
Pavement Management Policy 61 Pa g e
Private Utilities in Rghtsof Way
All private utility companies using a street right of way to serve the project area will be contacted to
allow for private utility system improvements while the project area is under construction and
accessible.
Street Sims
All street signage will be reviewed at the time of seal coating, fog coating, and overlay projects and
replaced in accordance with the City's sign replacement policy.
Rghts-af-Way Considerations
• S)d Restoration - replaced with seed and mulch
• Irrigation - at owner's expense
• Fence or other in right-of-way- removed and not replace
• Mailboxes- replaced with group mailboxes as per USPbstal requirements and included in
assessment
• Driveways and aprons- replace in kind in accordance with City ordinance and standards
Financing
To be completed. The following section is a draft list of items that will be addressed when this
section is completed.
Types of Funding
• Ep'ecial Assessments
• Property Taxes
• M S4
• Intergovernmental Grants and Aid
• Franchise Fees
r`nc+ AIInrm4inn
City share
Property Owner share
Funding by Type of Project
O'ackfilling City's General Fund
Pavement Management Policy 71 Pa g e
Crack f i I I i ng wit h FogS�al List FundingS)urce
Crack f i I I i ng wit h Chip Sial (Seal Goat) and Fog Sial
Overlay
Mill and Overlay
Reconstruction
Preservation Maintenance
Pavement Management Policy 81 Pa g e